توزیع مکانی روند تغییر فراسنج‌های فرین بارش شمال‌غرب ایران و ارتباط آن با گردش عمومی جو منطقه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار آب و هواشناسی دانشگاه ارومیه، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، گروه جغرافیا، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشیار آب و هواشناسی دانشگاه ارومیه، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، گروه جغرافیا، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

گرمایش جهانی موجب افزایش میزان بخار آب اتمسفر و تغییر در چرخه آب­‌شناسی و افزایش بارش­‌های فرین شده است. هدف از پژوهش جاری بررسی روند تغییرات فراسنج‌­های فرین بارش شمال‌­غرب ایران و ارتباط آنها با گردش عمومی جو است. بدین منظور داده­‌های بارش 20 ایستگاه همدید شمال­‌غرب ایران در مقیاس روزانه برای سال­‌های 1365 تا 1390 استخراج و شاخص‌­های بارش محاسبه و نقشه‌­های توزیع مکانی این شاخص­‌ها ترسیم شد. برای بررسی تغییرات گردش عمومی جو و مطالعه تأثیر آن بر وقایع حدی نیز، داده‌­های ترکیبی میانگین گردش اتمسفری سالانه دوره 1364-1340 که نمایشگر اقلیم گذشته و مقطع زمانی
1395-1365 به عنوان دوره نوین بر پایه داده­‌های بازتحلیل شده NCEP/NCAR دریافت شد. سپس نقشه­‌های تفاضل با استفاده از متغیرهای ارتفاع ژئوپتانسیل سطح hp500، امگای سطح زمین، تاوائی نسبی سطح hp500، آب بارش‌­پذیر و میزان بارش برای آشکارسازی تغییرات گردش اتمسفری در دو دوره فوق محاسبه و تولید شد و نتایج حاصل با برون‌داد فراسنج­‌های حدی دما مقایسه شد. بررسی تغییرات فراسنج­‌ها حاکی از این بود که تمام شاخص‌­های بارش به جز شاخص بیشینه طول دوره رشد (CDD) دارای روند کاهشی هستند. مطالعه گردش عمومی جو نیز حاکی از افزایش ارتفاع تراز hp500 و در نتیجه پایداری جو منطقه می­‌باشد. مطالعه امگا و چرخندگی نسبی نیز حاکی از تضعیف جریانات صعودی و چرخندگی مثبت در منطقه است. نقشه‌­های تفاضل آب قابل بارش و نرخ بارش نیز کمبود بار رطوبتی جو و گرایش منطقه به سمت اقلیم خشک را نشان می­‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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